현재시제 4가지
Simple Present
동사원형 / -s
always, usually, every day
Present Continuous
am/is/are + ~ing
now, right now, at the moment
Present Perfect
have/has + p.p
already, just, yet, ever, never
Present Perfect Continuous
have/has been + ~ing
since, for, all day, lately
현재시제 4가지 비교 예문
Simple Present: The sun shines every morning. (태양은 매일 아침 빛납니다.)
Present Continuous: The sun is shining right now. (지금 태양이 빛나고 있습니다.)
Present Perfect: The sun has shone brightly today. (오늘 하루 종일 태양이 밝게 빛났습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: The sun has been shining since morning. (아침부터 계속 태양이 빛나고 있습니다.)
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Simple Present: She studies English every day. (그녀는 매일 영어를 공부합니다.)
Present Continuous: She is studying English now. (그녀는 지금 영어를 공부하고 있습니다.)
Present Perfect: She has studied English for 3 years. (그녀는 3년 동안 영어를 공부해 왔습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: She has been studying since 8 a.m. (그녀는 오전 8시부터 계속 공부 중입니다.)
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Simple Present: He drinks coffee every morning. (그는 매일 아침 커피를 마십니다.)
Present Continuous: He is drinking coffee now. (그는 지금 커피를 마시고 있습니다.)
Present Perfect: He has drunk coffee twice today. (그는 오늘 커피를 두 번 마셨습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: He has been drinking coffee all morning. (그는 아침 내내 커피를 마시고 있습니다.)
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Simple Present: We go to the gym on weekends. (우리는 주말마다 헬스장에 갑니다.)
Present Continuous: We are going to the gym now. (우리는 지금 헬스장에 가는 중입니다.)
Present Perfect: We have gone to the gym five times this month. (우리는 이번 달에 헬스장에 다섯 번 갔습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: We have been going to the gym regularly. (우리는 꾸준히 헬스장에 다니고 있습니다.)
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Simple Present: They watch TV in the evening. (그들은 저녁에 TV를 봅니다.)
Present Continuous: They are watching TV now. (그들은 지금 TV를 보고 있습니다.)
Present Perfect: They have watched that drama before. (그들은 그 드라마를 본 적이 있습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: They have been watching TV since dinner. (그들은 저녁 식사 후 계속 TV를 보고 있습니다.)
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Simple Present: My cat sleeps on the bed. (내 고양이는 침대에서 잡니다.)
Present Continuous: My cat is sleeping on the bed now. (내 고양이는 지금 침대에서 자고 있습니다.)
Present Perfect: My cat has slept on that bed many times. (내 고양이는 그 침대에서 여러 번 잤습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: My cat has been sleeping there all day. (내 고양이는 하루 종일 그곳에서 자고 있습니다.)
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Simple Present: It rains a lot in summer. (여름에는 비가 자주 옵니다.)
Present Continuous: It is raining now. (지금 비가 오고 있습니다.)
Present Perfect: It has rained all day. (하루 종일 비가 왔습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: It has been raining since this morning. (아침부터 계속 비가 오고 있습니다.)
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Simple Present: I read books often. (나는 자주 책을 읽습니다.)
Present Continuous: I am reading a novel now. (나는 지금 소설을 읽고 있습니다.)
Present Perfect: I have read 10 books this year. (나는 올해 책을 10권 읽었습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: I have been reading this book for 2 hours. (나는 이 책을 두 시간째 읽고 있습니다.)
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Simple Present: He drives to work. (그는 차로 출근합니다.)
Present Continuous: He is driving now. (그는 지금 운전 중입니다.)
Present Perfect: He has driven this route many times. (그는 이 길로 여러 번 운전했습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: He has been driving for 30 minutes. (그는 30분째 운전 중입니다.)
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Simple Present: We eat lunch at 12. (우리는 12시에 점심을 먹습니다.)
Present Continuous: We are eating lunch now. (우리는 지금 점심을 먹고 있습니다.)
Present Perfect: We have eaten lunch already. (우리는 이미 점심을 먹었습니다.)
Present Perfect Continuous: We have been eating for 20 minutes. (우리는 20분째 식사 중입니다.)
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Part 1: 빈칸 채우기 연습 (Fill in the blanks)
다음 문장을 읽고, 괄호 안의 동사를 알맞은 형태로 바꾸세요.
She __________ (study) English every day.
She __________ (study) English now.
She __________ (study) English for three years.
She __________ (study) since this morning.
He __________ (drink) coffee every morning.
He __________ (drink) coffee now.
He __________ (drink) coffee twice today.
He __________ (drink) coffee all morning.
We __________ (go) to the gym on weekends.
We __________ (go) to the gym now.
We __________ (go) to the gym five times this month.
We __________ (go) to the gym regularly.
정답: Part 1 – 빈칸 채우기
[She - study]
She studies English every day.
→ (Simple Present: 규칙적인 습관)
She is studying English now.
→ (Present Continuous: 지금 하고 있는 일)
She has studied English for three years.
→ (Present Perfect: 3년간 공부해 왔다)
She has been studying since this morning.
→ (Present Perfect Continuous: 아침부터 계속 공부 중)
[He - drink]
He drinks coffee every morning.
→ (Simple Present: 습관적인 행동)
He is drinking coffee now.
→ (Present Continuous: 지금 마시는 중)
He has drunk coffee twice today.
→ (Present Perfect: 오늘 두 번 마셨음)
He has been drinking coffee all morning.
→ (Present Perfect Continuous: 아침 내내 마시는 중)
[We - go]
We go to the gym on weekends.
→ (Simple Present: 규칙적인 습관)
We are going to the gym now.
→ (Present Continuous: 지금 가는 중)
We have gone to the gym five times this month.
→ (Present Perfect: 이번 달 다섯 번 감)
We have been going to the gym regularly.
→ (Present Perfect Continuous: 꾸준히 계속 다니는 중)
Part 2: 시제 구별 연습 (Tense Recognition)
다음 문장을 읽고, 어떤 시제인지 선택해보세요:
(A) Simple Present / (B) Present Continuous / (C) Present Perfect / (D) Present Perfect Continuous
I have been reading this book for two hours. → ______
The sun is shining right now. → ______
They have gone to the museum twice this year. → ______
My cat sleeps on the sofa. → ______
We are eating dinner now. → ______
She has studied English since middle school. → ______
It has been raining all day. → ______
He drinks coffee every morning. → ______
I am reading a novel. → ______
He has been driving for 30 minutes. → ______
정답: 시제 구별
I have been reading this book for two hours.
→ (D) Present Perfect Continuous
→ 두 시간째 계속 읽고 있으므로 현재완료진행 시제
The sun is shining right now.
→ (B) Present Continuous
→ 지금 일어나고 있는 상황이므로 현재진행 시제
They have gone to the museum twice this year.
→ (C) Present Perfect
→ 과거에 있었던 경험이 현재까지 이어지는 의미이므로 현재완료 시제
My cat sleeps on the sofa.
→ (A) Simple Present
→ 습관이나 일반적인 사실을 나타내므로 현재시제
We are eating dinner now.
→ (B) Present Continuous
→ 지금 저녁을 먹는 중이므로 현재진행 시제
She has studied English since middle school.
→ (C) Present Perfect
→ 과거부터 지금까지 지속된 경험이므로 현재완료 시제
It has been raining all day.
→ (D) Present Perfect Continuous
→ 하루 종일 계속되고 있는 동작이므로 현재완료진행 시제
He drinks coffee every morning.
→ (A) Simple Present
→ 습관을 나타내므로 현재시제
I am reading a novel.
→ (B) Present Continuous
→ 지금 하고 있는 행동이므로 현재진행 시제
He has been driving for 30 minutes.
→ (D) Present Perfect Continuous
→ 30분 동안 계속된 행동이므로 현재완료진행 시제