¼ö¿©µ¿»ç(4Çü½Ä µ¿»ç)·Î Âø°¢Çϱ⠽¬¿î µ¿»çµé
¿¹¹®À¸·Î Á¤¸®Çϱâ
¿µ¾î ¹®ÀåÀÇ 4Çü½Ä ±¸Á¶(ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç + °£Á¢¸ñÀû¾î + Á÷Á¢¸ñÀû¾î)´Â ÇнÀÀڵ鿡°Ô ºñ±³Àû Ä£¼÷ÇÑ ¹®ÇüÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¿¹: She gave me a gift. (±×³à´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼±¹°À» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.)
ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¹®Á¦´Â ¾î¶² µ¿»çµéÀº Çü½Ä»ó ¶Ç´Â Àǹ̻ó 4Çü½Äó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸, ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â 4Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ¾µ ¼ö ¾ø´Â µ¿»çµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ·± µ¿»çµéÀ» À߸ø »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¹®ÀåÀÌ ¾î»öÇϰųª ¹®¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î Ʋ¸®°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
À̹ø ±Û¿¡¼´Â ¼ö¿©µ¿»çó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ 4Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¼ö ¾ø´Â µ¿»çµéÀ» ¿¹¹®°ú ÇÔ²² ¸íÈ®È÷ Á¤¸®ÇÏ¿©, ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ¹æÁöÇÏ°í ¹®ÀåÀ» ¿Ã¹Ù¸£°Ô ±¸¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï µµ¿Íµå¸³´Ï´Ù.
1. 4Çü½Ä µ¿»çÀÇ ±âº» °³³ä
4Çü½Ä ¹®ÀåÀº ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ´ÙÀ½ ±¸Á¶¸¦ µû¸¨´Ï´Ù:
ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç + °£Á¢¸ñÀû¾î(»ç¶÷) + Á÷Á¢¸ñÀû¾î(»ç¹°)
I sent him a letter.
(³ª´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ÆíÁö¸¦ º¸³Â´Ù.)
¡æ ¿©±â¼ ¡®him¡¯Àº °£Á¢¸ñÀû¾î(»ç¶÷), ¡®a letter¡¯´Â Á÷Á¢¸ñÀû¾î(»ç¹°)
2. ÁÖÀÇ! ¼ö¿©µ¿»çó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â 4Çü½Ä ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ µ¿»çµé
¾Æ·¡ µ¿»çµéÀº °Ñº¸±â¿¡´Â ¼ö¿©µ¿»çó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸, ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â 3Çü½Ä + ÀüÄ¡»ç(to ¶Ç´Â for) ±¸Á¶·Î ½á¾ß ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ ¹®ÀåÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
explain ¼³¸íÇÏ´Ù
explain + ¸ñÀû¾î + to + »ç¶÷
suggest Á¦¾ÈÇÏ´Ù
suggest + ¸ñÀû¾î + to + »ç¶÷
describe ¹¦»çÇÏ´Ù
describe + ¸ñÀû¾î + to + »ç¶÷
introduce ¼Ò°³ÇÏ´Ù
introduce + »ç¶÷ + to + »ç¶÷
mention ¾ð±ÞÇÏ´Ù
mention + ¸ñÀû¾î + to + »ç¶÷
announce ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ´Ù
announce + ³»¿ë + to + »ç¶÷
say ¸»ÇÏ´Ù
say + ³»¿ë + to + »ç¶÷
admit ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù
admit + ³»¿ë + to + »ç¶÷
3. ¿¹¹®À¸·Î º¸´Â È¥µ¿ µ¿»ç Á¤¸®
She explained me the problem.
¡æ (X) Ʋ¸° ¹®Àå
She explained the problem to me.
¡æ ±×³à´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ±× ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.
He suggested me a solution.
¡æ (X)
He suggested a solution to me.
¡æ ±×´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ÇØ°áÃ¥À» Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù.
They described us the scene.
¡æ (X)
They described the scene to us.
¡æ ±×µéÀº ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô Àå¸éÀ» ¹¦»çÇß´Ù.
I introduced him my parents.
¡æ (X)
I introduced him to my parents.
¡æ ³ª´Â ±×¸¦ ºÎ¸ð´Ô²² ¼Ò°³Çß´Ù.
She mentioned me the issue.
¡æ (X)
She mentioned the issue to me.
¡æ ±×³à´Â ±× ¹®Á¦¸¦ ³ª¿¡°Ô ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù.
The manager announced us the changes.
¡æ (X)
The manager announced the changes to us.
¡æ ¸Å´ÏÀú´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô º¯°æ»çÇ×À» ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.
He said me the truth.
¡æ (X)
He said the truth to me.
¡æ ±×´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô Áø½ÇÀ» ¸»Çß´Ù.
She admitted us her mistake.
¡æ (X)
She admitted her mistake to us.
¡æ ±×³à´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤Çß´Ù.
4. ÀüÄ¡»ç ¾øÀ̵µ 4Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î °¡´ÉÇÑ ÁøÂ¥ ¼ö¿©µ¿»ç
ÀÌÁ¦ ÁøÂ¥ 4Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â µ¿»çµéµµ ºñ±³Çغ¸°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
give
I gave him a pen.
send
She sent me an email.
offer
They offered us a discount.
show
He showed me his photo.
teach
She taught them English.
tell
I told her the truth.
lend
Can you lend me your book?
buy
He bought her a ring.
¡æ ÀÌ µ¿»çµéÀº ÀüÄ¡»ç ¾øÀ̵µ 4Çü½Ä ¹®ÀåÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
5. Çò°¥¸®Áö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â ÇÙ½É ÆÁ
¼ö¿©µ¿»ç°¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ µ¿»ç´Â give/show/send/offer/buy µî ¡®´©±¸¿¡°Ô ¹«¾ùÀ»¡¯ Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â Àǹ̰¡ °ÇÑ µ¿»çµéÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¼³¸í, ¾ð±Þ, Á¦¾È, ¹¦»ç, ¹ßÇ¥ µîÀÇ µ¿»çµéÀº ´ëºÎºÐ ÀüÄ¡»ç to¸¦ ½á¾ß ÀÚ¿¬½º·´½À´Ï´Ù.
¡®to¡¯°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑÁö Çò°¥¸± ¶§´Â ÇØ´ç µ¿»ç µÚ¿¡ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¹Ù·Î ¿À´Â °Ô ¾î»öÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀºÁö Ã¼Å©ÇØº¸¼¼¿ä.
¿µ¾î ¹®ÀåÀÇ »À´ë¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î µ¿»çÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
µ¿»çÀÇ ¹®ÇüÀ» Á¤È®È÷ ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¸é ¸»ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ ¾î»öÇÏ°Ô Àü´ÞµÇ°Å³ª, ¹®¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î Ʋ¸° ¹®ÀåÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.
À̹ø ±Û¿¡¼ Á¦½ÃÇÑ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀΠȥµ¿ µ¿»çµé¸¸ Á¤È®È÷ ±¸ºÐÇØµµ, ¿µ¾î ¹®Àå·ÂÀº ÈξÀ ´Ü´ÜÇØÁý´Ï´Ù.
°è¼ÓÇØ¼ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¹®Àå¿¡ Àû¿ëÇØ º¸¸ç ¿¬½ÀÇØº¸¼¼¿ä!
¡á 4Çü½Ä ¼ö¿©µ¿»ç
¿µ¾î ¹®Àå Áß °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ±¸Á¶ Áß Çϳª°¡ ¹Ù·Î 4Çü½Ä ¹®ÀåÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
4Çü½Ä ¹®ÀåÀº ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç + °£Á¢¸ñÀû¾î + Á÷Á¢¸ñÀû¾îÀÇ ÇüÅ·Î,
½±°Ô ¸»ÇØ ¡°´©±¸¿¡°Ô ¹«¾ùÀ» Áִ¡± »óȲÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
À̹ø ±Û¿¡¼´Â 4Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¼ö¿©µ¿»ç¸¦
ÀÏ»ó ¿µ¾î ¿¹¹®À» ÅëÇØ ¾ÆÁÖ ½±°Ô ÀÍÈú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ±¸¼ºÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
1. 4Çü½Ä ¹®ÀåÀ̶õ?
4Çü½Ä(S+V+IO+DO)Àº µÎ °³ÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î(°£Á¢¸ñÀû¾î¿Í Á÷Á¢¸ñÀû¾î)¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÏ´Â ¹®ÀåÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
I gave her a book.
(³ª´Â ±×³à¿¡°Ô Ã¥ ÇÑ ±ÇÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.)
°£Á¢¸ñÀû¾î(IO): her (±×³à¿¡°Ô)
Á÷Á¢¸ñÀû¾î(DO): a book (Ã¥ ÇÑ ±Ç)
4Çü½ÄÀº ÁÖ·Î ¡°ÁÖ´Ù, ¸»ÇÏ´Ù, º¸¿©ÁÖ´Ù, »çÁÖ´Ù¡± µîÀÇ µ¿»ç¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀÚÁÖ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
2. 4Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¼ö¿©µ¿»ç ¸ñ·Ï
¾Æ·¡ µ¿»çµéÀº ÀüÄ¡»ç ¾øÀÌ ¹Ù·Î 4Çü½Ä ¹®ÀåÀ» ¸¸µé ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¼ö¿©µ¿»çÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
give (~¿¡°Ô ~À» ÁÖ´Ù)
send (~¿¡°Ô ~À» º¸³»´Ù)
offer (~¿¡°Ô ~À» Á¦¾ÈÇÏ´Ù)
show (~¿¡°Ô ~À» º¸¿©ÁÖ´Ù)
buy (~¿¡°Ô ~À» »çÁÖ´Ù)
make (~¿¡°Ô ~À» ¸¸µé¾îÁÖ´Ù)
tell (~¿¡°Ô ~À» ¸»ÇÏ´Ù)
teach (~¿¡°Ô ~À» °¡¸£Ä¡´Ù)
write (~¿¡°Ô ~À» ½áÁÖ´Ù)
bring (~¿¡°Ô ~À» °¡Á®´ÙÁÖ´Ù)
lend (~¿¡°Ô ~À» ºô·ÁÁÖ´Ù)
pass (~¿¡°Ô ~À» °Ç³×ÁÖ´Ù)
pay (~¿¡°Ô ~À» ÁöºÒÇÏ´Ù)
3. »ýȰ ¿µ¾î ¿¹¹®À¸·Î ¹è¿ì´Â ¼ö¿©µ¿»ç
💬 give
I gave her my phone number.
³ª´Â ±×³à¿¡°Ô ³» ÀüȹøÈ£¸¦ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
She gave me a nice present.
±×³à´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ÁÁÀº ¼±¹°À» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
💬 send
He sent me a postcard from France.
±×´Â ÇÁ¶û½º¿¡¼ ³ª¿¡°Ô ¿±¼¸¦ º¸³Â´Ù.
Can you send her the file by email?
±×³à¿¡°Ô ÆÄÀÏÀ» À̸ÞÀÏ·Î º¸³»ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ï?
💬 offer
They offered us a free sample.
±×µéÀº ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¹«·á »ùÇÃÀ» Á¦°øÇß´Ù.
I offered him a ride home.
³ª´Â ±×¿¡°Ô Áý±îÁö Å¿öÁÖ°Ú´Ù°í Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù.
💬 show
Please show me your ID.
´ç½ÅÀÇ ½ÅºÐÁõÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¼¼¿ä.
He showed us his photo album.
±×´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ±×ÀÇ »çÁø ¾Ù¹üÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
💬 buy
She bought her daughter a new dress.
±×³à´Â µþ¿¡°Ô »õ µå·¹½º¸¦ »çÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
I bought my friend some coffee.
³ª´Â Ä£±¸¿¡°Ô Ä¿ÇǸ¦ Á» »çÁá´Ù.
💬 make
Mom made me a sandwich.
¾ö¸¶´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô »÷µåÀ§Ä¡¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
He made us some tea.
±×´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô Â÷¸¦ ²ú¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
💬 tell
Can you tell me the truth?
³ª¿¡°Ô Áø½ÇÀ» ¸»ÇØÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ï?
She told us a funny story.
±×³à´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â À̾߱⸦ µé·ÁÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
💬 teach
He taught them how to swim.
±×´Â ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¼ö¿µÀ» °¡¸£ÃÄ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
I taught her basic grammar.
³ª´Â ±×³à¿¡°Ô ±âÃÊ ¹®¹ýÀ» °¡¸£ÃÄ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
💬 write
She wrote me a letter.
±×³à´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ÆíÁö¸¦ ½è´Ù.
I wrote my friend a birthday card.
³ª´Â Ä£±¸¿¡°Ô »ýÀÏ Ä«µå¸¦ ½è´Ù.
💬 bring
Can you bring me a glass of water?
¹° ÇÑ ÀÜ °¡Á®´ÙÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ï?
He brought us some snacks.
±×´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô °£½ÄÀ» °¡Á®´ÙÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
💬 lend
I lent him my book.
³ª´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ³» Ã¥À» ºô·ÁÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
She lent me her umbrella.
±×³à´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ¿ì»êÀ» ºô·ÁÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
💬 pass
He passed me the salt.
±×´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼Ò±ÝÀ» °Ç³×ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
Can you pass her the remote control?
±×³à¿¡°Ô ¸®¸ðÄÁ Á» °Ç³×ÁÙ·¡?
💬 pay
I paid him the money yesterday.
³ª´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ¾îÁ¦ µ·À» ÁöºÒÇß´Ù.
She paid the waiter a tip.
±×³à´Â ¿þÀÌÅÍ¿¡°Ô ÆÁÀ» ÁöºÒÇß´Ù.
4. 3Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²ã ¸»ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý
4Çü½Ä ¹®ÀåÀ» 3Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù·Á¸é ÀüÄ¡»ç to ¶Ç´Â for¸¦ ³Ö¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
4Çü½Ä: I gave her a book.
3Çü½Ä: I gave a book to her.
4Çü½Ä: She bought me lunch.
3Çü½Ä: She bought lunch for me.
µ¿»ç --- ÀüÄ¡»ç
give, send, show, tell, write, offer ----- to
buy, make, cook, get ----- for
¡á ¼ö¿©µ¿»çó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ 4Çü½ÄÀº ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ µ¿»çµé, ¿¹¹®À¸·Î È®½ÇÈ÷ Á¤¸®Çϱâ
1. ²À ±â¾ïÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ¡®°¡Â¥ ¼ö¿©µ¿»ç¡¯ ¸®½ºÆ®
¾Æ·¡ µ¿»çµéÀº °Ñº¸±â¿£ ¡°~¿¡°Ô ~À»¡±ÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬½º·´Áö¸¸, ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â ÀüÄ¡»ç¸¦ ²À ½á¾ß ÇÏ´Â 3Çü½Ä µ¿»çÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
explain ¼³¸íÇÏ´Ù to
suggest Á¦¾ÈÇÏ´Ù to
introduce ¼Ò°³ÇÏ´Ù to
describe ¹¦»çÇÏ´Ù to
announce ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ´Ù to
mention ¾ð±ÞÇÏ´Ù to
admit ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù to
say ¸»ÇÏ´Ù to
confess °í¹éÇÏ´Ù to
propose Á¦¾ÈÇÏ´Ù to
2. ¿¹¹®
explain
She explained the rules to me.
±×³à´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ±ÔÄ¢À» ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.
Can you explain this to the students?
ÀÌ°É Çлýµé¿¡°Ô ¼³¸íÇØÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ï?
suggest
He suggested a restaurant to us.
±×´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ½Ä´çÀ» ÃßõÇß´Ù.
I suggested this idea to my boss.
³ª´Â ÀÌ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î¸¦ »ó»ç¿¡°Ô Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù.
introduce
Let me introduce you to my friend.
³» Ä£±¸¸¦ ³Ê¿¡°Ô ¼Ò°³ÇÒ°Ô.
She introduced the speaker to the audience.
±×³à´Â ¿¬¼³ÀÚ¸¦ ûÁß¿¡°Ô ¼Ò°³Çß´Ù.
describe
He described the man to the police.
±×´Â ±× ³²ÀÚÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ» °æÂû¿¡°Ô ¹¦»çÇß´Ù.
Can you describe the situation to me?
±× »óȲÀ» ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼³¸íÇØÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ï?
announce
The manager announced the change to the team.
¸Å´ÏÀú´Â ÆÀ¿¡°Ô º¯°æ»çÇ×À» ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.
They announced the results to the class.
±×µéÀº ¹Ý¿¡ °á°ú¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.
mention
She mentioned the topic to her professor.
±×³à´Â ±³¼ö´Ô²² ±× ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù.
Did you mention the issue to your team?
±× ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÆÀ¿¡ ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ï?
admit
He admitted the mistake to his boss.
±×´Â »ó»ç¿¡°Ô ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤Çß´Ù.
She admitted the truth to her parents.
±×³à´Â ºÎ¸ð´Ô²² Áø½ÇÀ» °í¹éÇß´Ù.
say
He said something to me.
±×´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô ¹«¾ð°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù.
I didn¡¯t say anything to them.
³ª´Â ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¾Æ¹« ¸»µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
confess
He confessed his love to her.
±×´Â ±×³à¿¡°Ô »ç¶ûÀ» °í¹éÇß´Ù.
She confessed the crime to the police.
±×³à´Â °æÂû¿¡°Ô ¹üÇàÀ» ÀÚ¹éÇß´Ù.
propose
He proposed a solution to the group.
±×´Â ±×·ì¿¡ ÇØ°áÃ¥À» Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù.
I proposed a plan to the manager.
³ª´Â ¸Å´ÏÀú¿¡°Ô °èȹÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù.
3. ¿Ö 4Çü½ÄÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÒ±î?
ÀÌµé µ¿»ç´Â ´ëºÎºÐ Àǹ̻ó Á÷Á¢ ¸ñÀû¾î°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ '°£Á¢ ´ë»ó(»ç¶÷)'¿¡°Ô Á¤º¸ Àü´ÞÀÌ ÇÙ½ÉÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡,
ÀüÄ¡»ç(to) ¾øÀÌ »ç¶÷À» ¹Ù·Î µÚ¿¡ ºÙÀÌ¸é ¹®ÀåÀÌ ¾î»öÇϰųª Ʋ¸®°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
À߸øµÈ ¿¹½Ã:
She explained me the rules. (X)
He introduced me his friend. (X)
I mentioned you the problem. (X)
¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ ÇüÅÂ:
She explained the rules to me.
He introduced his friend to me.
I mentioned the problem to you.